Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 6 Articles
Single antimicrobial therapy has been unable to resist the global spread of bacterial resistance. Literatures of available in vitro and\nin vivo studies were reviewed and the results showed that low frequency ultrasound (LFU) has a promising synergistic bactericidal\neffect with antibiotics against both planktonic and biofilm bacteria. It also can facilitate the release of antibiotics from medical\nimplants. As a noninvasive and targeted therapy, LFU has great potential in treating bacterial infections. However, more in-depth\nand detailed studies are still needed before LFU is officially applied as a combination therapy in the field of anti-infective treatment....
Study of the probiotic potential of microorganisms isolated from fermented foods has been increasing, especially studies related\nto lactobacilli. In intestinal models, lactobacilli have demonstrated beneficial properties, such as anti-inflammatory activity and\nincreased antibody production, but the molecular mechanisms involving probiotic and antagonistic action as well as their effect\non human vaginal cells have not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional and antagonistic\nproperties of three strains of lactobacilli isolated from cocoa fermentation (Lactobacillus fermentum 5.2, L. plantarum 6.2, and L.\nplantarum 7.1) against Gardnerella vaginalis. Our results show that the lactobacilli have potential use as probiotics, since they have\nhigh hydrophobicity and autoaggregation properties and effectively adhere to vaginal cells. Metabolites secreted into the culture\nmedium and whole cells of the strains under study are capable of interfering with the growth of G. vaginalis to different degrees.\nThe elucidation of the antagonistic mechanisms as well as their effect on human cells may be useful in the development of a product\ncontaining such microorganisms or products secreted by them....
Bacteriophages, recovered frombeef cattle environment and specifically targeting Escherichia coli O157:H7, were examined for their\nphysiological andmorphological characteristics. Degree of bacterial lysis and host range of isolated bacteriophages was determined\nagainst 55 isolates of E. coli O157:H7.Morphology of phages was examined under transmission electron microscope. Phage growth\nparameters, particularly rate of adsorption, rise period, latent period, and burst size were also determined.The stability of isolated\nphages was tested at acidic and alkaline pH, at high temperatures, and in cold storage.Atotal of 7 phageswere isolatedwhich showed\nlytic activity against 50 out of 55 isolates of E. coli O157:H7. Based on the morphology, phages were classified into Myoviridae or\nSiphoviridae family. Phages had a rise period between 19 and 40 min, a short latent period between 12 and 30 min, and a large\nburst size (89ââ?¬â??631 virions per infected cell), indicating high lytic activity. Phages remained stable for 24 h at a wide pH (1ââ?¬â??11) and\ntemperature range (40ââ?¬â??60âË?Ë?C) and for 90 d in cold storage. Characterization of bacteriophages, with a diverse host range of E. coli\nO157:H7, could aid in the development of effective biocontrol strategies for this pathogen in the food industry....
The present research involved screening of anti-fungal potentials of some 2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-4–(substituted-phenyl)-1H-1,5–benzodiazepine derivatives against Candida albicans (C. albicans, MTCC 227), Aspergillus niger (A. niger, MTCC 277) and Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus, MTCC 418). The compounds were previously reported by our group and the structures were established by sophisticated analytical techniques. The produced BZD derivatives presented a very promising anti-fungal activity. The fabricated candidates (1a-j) exhibited the zone of inhibition (ZOI) in the range of 17-28 mm against all the three species. The log P (lipophilicity) remained a key factor for the biological activity. The compound 1e (2-(4’-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4”-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine) containing 2-fluoro substituent has demonstrated the highest activity with a zone of inhibition of 28 mm at MIC of 25 μg/ml. The study establishes a crystal clear structure-activity relationship (SAR) where it was found that electron withdrawing groups are essential in 1,5-BZD scaffold to exhibit fungicidal activity against C. albicans, A. niger and A. flavus. The molecules do hold the perspective to be utilized as clinical candidates in future after suitable evaluation....
The enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) adherence factor plasmid (pEAF) encodes the proteins involved in the biogenesis of\nthe bundle-forming pilus (BFP), a key virulence factor thatmediates microcolony formation and the localized adherence phenotype\non the surface of the host enterocytes. The presence or absence of this plasmid defines typical EPEC (tEPEC) and atypical EPEC\n(aEPEC), respectively. Although lateral transfer of pEAF has been evidenced by phylogenetic studies, conjugal transfer ability has\nbeen experimentally established only for two pEAF plasmids fromstrains isolated in the late 60s. In the present work, we tested the\nself-conjugation ability of four pEAF plasmids from tEPEC strains isolated between 2007 and 2008 from children in Peru and the\npotential of aEPEC to receive them. A kanamycin resistance cassette was inserted into donor pEAF plasmids in order to provide\na selectable marker in the conjugation experiments. Two aEPEC isolated from the same geographic region were used as recipient\nstrains along with the laboratory E. coli DH5...
Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern as new mechanisms of resistance are emerging and spreading globally, threatening our ability to treat common infectious diseases, resulting in prolonged illness, disability and even death. The study was focused on comparing the effectiveness of amoxicillin alone and amoxicillin with clavulanate potassium in combination by checking the sensitivity/resistance pattern of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively. S. aureus NCIM 5021 and E.coli NCIM 2118 were used as reference strains in the study. All the strains were subjected to susceptibility test by agar-well diffusion method and the resistance/sensitivity pattern was interpreted as per NCCLS guidelines....
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